The Child-to-Parent Violence Functions Scale (CPV-F): Development and Validation

Abstract Purpose The function (i.e., the motivation) of child-to-parent violence (CPV) is an important consideration for intervention but under researched, primarily due to a lack appropriate measurement tools. current study aimed develop and validate caregiver-report measure CPV (the Child-to-Parent Violence Functions Scale [CPV-F]). Methods One-hundred-and-twenty-one caregivers (94% female) ranging from 27 68 years age ( M = 45.36, SD 8.35) completed online survey reporting on experiences young person, who were mostly male (63%) aged between 5 24 12.71, 4.77). Results shows that motivation varies across three related distinct functions: Reactive in response perceived or actual threat, transgression, intrusion), Affective driven by internal frustration, fear, emotional conflict), Proactive instrumental, callous, planned). CPV-F demonstrated predictive concurrent validity, as well adequate reliability subscales. Conclusions Future research should consider CPV, it may impact relevance risk factors. Moving forward, could be used comprehensive investigative profiling, with focus parent dyadic factors, resolve heterogeneity field. Such factors are crucial yet explored. As measure, well-positioned aid these investigations.